{"id":1845,"date":"2016-07-29T12:34:00","date_gmt":"2016-07-29T12:34:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/orto.lv\/?post_type=aktualitates&#038;p=1845"},"modified":"2023-03-28T12:35:34","modified_gmt":"2023-03-28T12:35:34","slug":"jaunums-anesteziologijas-pasaule-periferie-nervu-boloki-29072016-211","status":"publish","type":"aktualitates","link":"https:\/\/orto.lv\/jaunumi\/jaunums-anesteziologijas-pasaule-periferie-nervu-boloki-29072016-211\/","title":{"rendered":"Jaunums anesteziolo\u0123ijas pasaul\u0113 \u2013 perif\u0113rie nervu bloki (29.07.2016.)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Oper\u0101cija vienm\u0113r saist\u012bta ar zin\u0101mu uztraukumu. Nereti mieru un filozofisku skat\u012bjumu uz gaid\u0101mo mums dod zin\u0101\u0161anas, k\u0101 viss notiks. Anest\u0113zija ir b\u016btiska oper\u0101cijas da\u013ca un lai ar\u012b var\u0113tu \u0161\u0137ist, ka vislab\u0101k ir pat zobus labot piln\u0101 anest\u0113zij\u0101, vesel\u012bbai un labai pa\u0161saj\u016btai p\u0113coper\u0101cijas period\u0101 daudz ieteicam\u0101ka ir re\u0123ion\u0101l\u0101 anest\u0113zija. Viens no jaun\u0101kajiem un aktu\u0101l\u0101kajiem risin\u0101jumiem l\u012bdztekus pla\u0161i paz\u012bstamajai spin\u0101lai un epidur\u0101lajai (re\u0123ion\u0101lai) anest\u0113zijai ir perif\u0113ro bloku anest\u0113zija. T\u0101 ir ats\u0101pin\u0101\u0161ana, kas padara nej\u016bt\u012bgu nervu centru, kas caurau\u017e oper\u0113jamo vietu. \u0160\u012b anest\u0113zijas tehnika tiek piem\u0113rota ar\u012b ORTO kl\u012bnik\u0101. Pa\u0161reiz to izmanto&nbsp;<\/strong><strong>aug\u0161\u0113j\u0101m ekstremit\u0101t\u0113m:&nbsp;<\/strong><strong>pleca oper\u0101cij\u0101s<\/strong><strong>, aug\u0161delma,&nbsp;<\/strong><strong>elko<\/strong><strong>\u0146a, apak\u0161delma un plaukstas oper\u0101cij\u0101s.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Vadu anest\u0113zija jeb perif\u0113rie nervu bloki<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Anest\u0113zijas l\u012bdzeklis ar adatas pal\u012bdz\u012bbu tiek ievad\u012bta l\u012bdz\u0101s nervam, kur\u0161 inerv\u0113 oper\u0113jamo \u0137erme\u0146a da\u013cu un nosaka t\u0101s j\u016bt\u012bbu un kust\u012bbas, padarot oper\u0113jamo \u0137erme\u0146a da\u013cu nej\u016bt\u012bgu. Metode arvien strauj\u0101k ien\u0101k anesteziolo\u0123ij\u0101, t\u0101s sal\u012bdzino\u0161i nelielo blak\u0146u d\u0113\u013c. Prif\u0113ro nervu blokus var izmantot k\u0101 atsevi\u0161\u0137u anest\u0113zijas metodi&nbsp; vai kombin\u0113t ar &nbsp;cit\u0101m atkar\u012bb\u0101 no oper\u0101cijas veida un perif\u0113r\u0101 nerva bloka pielietojuma. Perif\u0113rais bloks sniedz tikai ats\u0101pino\u0161o efektu. T\u0101d\u0113\u013c bie\u017ei to kombin\u0113 ar visp\u0101r\u0113jo vai spin\u0101lo anest\u0113ziju, jo oper\u0101cijas laik\u0101 nepiecie\u0161ama pietieko\u0161a musku\u013cu relaks\u0101cija, savuk\u0101rt papildus ats\u0101pino\u0161os medikamentus nav nepiecie\u0161ams papildus ievad\u012bt, izvairoties no sliktas d\u016b\u0161as un vem\u0161anas p\u0113c oper\u0101cijas. Perif\u0113rais bloks nodro\u0161ina ats\u0101pin\u0101\u0161anu l\u012bdz pat asto\u0146\u0101m stund\u0101m p\u0113c oper\u0101cijas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>K\u0101 man veiks \u0161o anest\u0113ziju?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Prec\u012bzai nervu atra\u0161anai lieto nervu stimul\u0101cijas tehniku \u2013 nervu mekl\u0113 ar \u012bpa\u0161u adatu, caur&nbsp; kuru pl\u016bst elektrisks impulss. Kad anesteziologs atrad\u012bs nervu, jut\u012bsiet nelielu musku\u013cu raust\u012b\u0161anos oper\u0113jam\u0101s vietas apvid\u016b. Izv\u0113rt\u0113jot, kuri musku\u013ci rea\u0123\u0113 uz elektrisk\u0101s str\u0101vas impulsu, anesteziologs indetific\u0113s anestez\u0113jamo nervu. Nerva mekl\u0113\u0161ana var rad\u012bt nelielu diskomfortu atkar\u012bb\u0101 no \u0137erme\u0146a vietas, kur tiek veikti d\u016briens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Papildus adatas tehnikai ar nerva stimul\u0101ciju anesteziologs var izmantot ar\u012b ultrasonogr\u0101fu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Anest\u0113zijas ilgums atkar\u012bgs no vair\u0101kiem faktoriem:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>konkr\u0113t\u0101s \u0137erme\u0146a da\u013cas nerva, kas tiek anestez\u0113ts;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>anest\u0113zijas l\u012bdzek\u013ca un dozas.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Ievadot katetru l\u012bdz\u0101s nervam, nervu var padar\u012bt nej\u016bt\u012bgu ar\u012b vair\u0101ku dienu garum\u0101.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>! Jums nedr\u012bkst veikt perif\u0113ro bloku anest\u0113ziju, ja lietojat antikoagulantus &#8211; medikamentus, kas samazina asins rec\u0113\u0161anu. Laic\u012bgi pirms pl\u0101not\u0101s oper\u0101cijas ar \u0123imenes \u0101rstu vai anesteziologu jums j\u0101vienojas par \u0161o medikamentu lieto\u0161anas p\u0101rtrauk\u0161anu.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Anest\u0113zija pirms&nbsp;<\/strong><strong>aug\u0161\u0113jo ektremit\u0101\u0161u&nbsp;<\/strong><strong>oper\u0101cij<\/strong><strong>\u0101m<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Pleca, aug\u0161delma oper\u0101cija<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>K\u0101 tas notiks?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Perif\u0113ro nervu bloku, anesteziologs veiks Jums atrdodoties gu\u013cus poz\u012bcij\u0101 uz muguras. Jums l\u016bgs pagriezt galvu prom no pleca, kur\u0101 veiks &nbsp;anest\u0113ziju. Anesteziologs atrad\u012bs 1 \u2013 2 cm dzi\u013cum\u0101 brahi\u0101lo pinumu. Par nerva atra\u0161anu liecin\u0101s viegla pleca apvidus raust\u012b\u0161an\u0101s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>K\u0101 anest\u0113zija mani var ietekm\u0113t?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>jums var par\u0101d\u012bties balss aizsmakums;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>iev\u0113rosiet, ka plaksti\u0146\u0161 vai mutes kakti\u0146\u0161 anestez\u0113t\u0101 pleca pus\u0113 nosl\u012bd\u0113jis uz leju;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>jums var b\u016bt apgr\u016btin\u0101ta elpo\u0161ana.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Neuztraucieties, \u0161\u012bs s\u016bdz\u012bbas p\u0101ries anest\u0113zijas efektam&nbsp; mazinoties!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>K\u0101 es jut\u012b\u0161os, kad ievad\u012bs anest\u0113ziju?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pirm\u0101s paz\u012bmes, kas liecin\u0101s, ka anest\u0113zija s\u0101kusi iedarboties, ir &nbsp;smaguma saj\u016bta, viegla tirpo\u0146a pleca un rokas musku\u013cos. Piln\u012bgs anest\u0113zijas efekts tiek sasniegts p\u0113c 20 min\u016bt\u0113m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Lai gan perif\u0113ro bloku anest\u0113zija ir dro\u0161a un tai ir daudz priek\u0161roc\u012bbu, tom\u0113r jums ir j\u0101zina, ka jebkura manipul\u0101cija palielina:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>injekcijas risku, kas tiek l\u012bdz minimumam ierobe\u017eots, iev\u0113rojot sterilit\u0101ti;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>hematomas (asins izpl\u016bduma)&nbsp; veido\u0161an\u0101s risku, kas tiek l\u012bdz minimumam ierobe\u017eots, veicot netraum\u0101tisku punkciju. Hematomas var veidoties, ja pirms oper\u0101cijas neesat p\u0101rtraucis&nbsp; lietot medikamentus, kas samazina asins rec\u0113\u0161anu.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>nervu boj\u0101juma risku (\u013coti retos gad\u012bjumos \u2013 0.03%).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>K\u0101 es jut\u012b\u0161os p\u0113c oper\u0101cijas?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vairums cilv\u0113ku p\u0113c perif\u0113ro bloku anest\u0113zijas nej\u016bt nek\u0101das s\u016bdz\u012bbas. Saglab\u0101jas nej\u016bt\u012bgums oper\u0113taj\u0101 rok\u0101, vielga tirpo\u0146a. Atsevi\u0161\u0137os gad\u012bjumos:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>perif\u0113rais bloks var piln\u012bb\u0101 nelikvid\u0113t s\u0101pju saj\u016btu vai s\u0101pes var par\u0101d\u012bties \u0101tr\u0101k nek\u0101 asto\u0146as stundas p\u0113c oper\u0101cijas. \u0160\u0101d\u0101 situ\u0101cij\u0101 Jums papildus ievad\u012bs ats\u0101pino\u0161os medikamentus. &nbsp;L\u012bdz\u0101s j\u016bsu gultai novietos stat\u012bvu ar \u0161\u013circi un ievad\u0101mo medikamentu ar nep\u0101rtrauktu pl\u016bsmu. Jums b\u016bs pa\u0161am iesp\u0113ja ar pogas pal\u012bdz\u012bbu papildus ievad\u012bt prets\u0101pju medikamentus vienu reizi stund\u0101, ja tas b\u016bs nepiecie\u0161ams.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>nej\u016bt\u012bgums roku musku\u013cos var b\u016bt tik izteikts, ka nevar\u0113siet roku un pirkstus pakustin\u0101t;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>! Svar\u012bgi<\/strong>&nbsp;&#8211; Ja perif\u0113rais bloks ir bijis kombin\u0113ts ar visp\u0101r\u0113jo vai spin\u0101lo anest\u0113ziju, par &nbsp;iesp\u0113jam\u0101s blaknes, l\u016bdzu, skatieties pie \u0161o anest\u0113zijas veidu apraksta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Kas notiks p\u0113c oper\u0101cijas?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Visu diennakti noda\u013c\u0101 ir pieejams un J\u016bs apr\u016bp\u0113s \u0101rsts anesteziologs. Neatkar\u012bgi no t\u0101, vai p\u0113c oper\u0101cijas b\u016bsiet intens\u012bv\u0101s terapijas vai sav\u0101 pal\u0101t\u0101 par j\u016bsu vesel\u012bbas st\u0101vokli un pa\u0161saj\u016btu r\u016bp\u0113sies noda\u013cas person\u0101ls: \u0101rsti, medm\u0101sas un sanit\u0101ri.&nbsp; Pie gultas uz skap\u012b\u0161a J\u016bs atrad\u012bsiet pulti, ar kuras pal\u012bdz\u012bbu variet jebkur\u0101 diennakts laik\u0101 izsaukt kl\u012bnikas medic\u012bnas person\u0101lu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Noteikti l\u016bdziet medic\u012bnas person\u0101la pal\u012bdz\u012bbu:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>kad p\u0113c oper\u0101cijas pirmo reizi ce\u013caties no gultas. Neskatoties uz to, ka gu\u013cus st\u0101vokl\u012b j\u016btaties labi, j\u016bs varat zaud\u0113t sama\u0146u vai just nelabumu, galvas reibo\u0146us, pirmo reizi piece\u013coties;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>tikko j\u016btat pirm\u0101s s\u0101pju paz\u012bmes. Ar medikamentu pal\u012bdz\u012bbu s\u0101pes daudz viegl\u0101k ir nov\u0113rst, tikko t\u0101s s\u0101ku\u0161\u0101s, nevis tad, kad t\u0101s k\u013cuvu\u0161as stipras.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ja jums ir k\u0101das s\u016bdz\u012bbas vai izmai\u0146as vesel\u012bbas st\u0101vokl\u012b un pa\u0161saj\u016bt\u0101.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Katrai oper\u0101cijai ir piem\u0113rot\u0101ks noteikts anest\u0113zijas veids. Par anest\u0113zijas izv\u0113li lemj \u0101rsts anesteziologs. Tom\u0113r, \u0146emot v\u0113r\u0101 oper\u0101cijas specifiku un J\u016bsu individu\u0101l\u0101s v\u0113lmes vai ba\u017eas, anest\u0113zijas veidus un l\u012bdzek\u013cus var kombin\u0113t vai aizst\u0101ti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pla\u0161\u0101k par da\u017e\u0101diem anest\u0113zijas veidiem un gatavo\u0161anos oper\u0101cijai, lasiet&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.orto.lv\/lv\/pacientiem\/anestezija\/ka-gatavoties-anestezijai\">\u0161eit<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Oper\u0101cija vienm\u0113r saist\u012bta ar zin\u0101mu uztraukumu. Nereti mieru un filozofisku skat\u012bjumu uz gaid\u0101mo mums dod zin\u0101\u0161anas, k\u0101 viss notiks. Anest\u0113zija ir b\u016btiska oper\u0101cijas da\u013ca un lai ar\u012b var\u0113tu \u0161\u0137ist, ka vislab\u0101k ir pat zobus labot piln\u0101 anest\u0113zij\u0101, vesel\u012bbai un labai pa\u0161saj\u016btai p\u0113coper\u0101cijas period\u0101 daudz ieteicam\u0101ka ir re\u0123ion\u0101l\u0101 anest\u0113zija. Viens no jaun\u0101kajiem un aktu\u0101l\u0101kajiem risin\u0101jumiem l\u012bdztekus pla\u0161i paz\u012bstamajai spin\u0101lai un epidur\u0101lajai (re\u0123ion\u0101lai) anest\u0113zijai ir perif\u0113ro bloku anest\u0113zija<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":1846,"template":"","categories":[],"meta_box":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/orto.lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/aktualitates\/1845"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/orto.lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/aktualitates"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/orto.lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/aktualitates"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/orto.lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1846"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/orto.lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1845"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/orto.lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1845"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}