{"id":2312,"date":"2023-05-03T13:35:05","date_gmt":"2023-05-03T13:35:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/orto.lv\/?post_type=specializacijas&p=2312"},"modified":"2023-05-03T13:50:44","modified_gmt":"2023-05-03T13:50:44","slug":"celis","status":"publish","type":"specializacijas","link":"https:\/\/orto.lv\/en\/specializacijas\/celis\/","title":{"rendered":"Knees"},"content":{"rendered":"

ORTO kl\u012bnik\u0101 J\u016bs varat sa\u0146emt visa veida risin\u0101jumus ce\u013ca probl\u0113mu gad\u012bjum\u0101 \u2013 piedz\u012bvojot ak\u016btu traumu k\u0101 ar\u012b ilgsto\u0161us vai progres\u0113jo\u0161us trauc\u0113jumus vai s\u0101pes. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ce\u013ca loc\u012btavas s\u0101pju iemesli<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n

Osteoartr\u012bts<\/strong><\/span><\/summary>
\n\n

Osteoartr\u012bts<\/strong> ir de\u0123enerat\u012bva ce\u013ca loc\u012btavas saslim\u0161ana (var skart jebkuru loc\u012btavu), kas saist\u012bta ar visp\u0101r\u0113ju \u0137erme\u0146a noveco\u0161anos un parasti nov\u0113rojama cilv\u0113kiem p\u0113c 50 gadu vecuma sasnieg\u0161anas. Nodilstot ce\u013ca loc\u012btavas skrim\u0161\u013ciem, tie nesarg\u0101 loc\u012btavu kaulus no tie\u0161as savstarp\u0113jas saskares. Tas rada s\u0101pes un iekaisumu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Viena no pirmaj\u0101m osteoartr\u012bta paz\u012bm\u0113m ir  ce\u013ca loc\u012btavas rot\u0101cijas sp\u0113ju zudums. Simptomam pievienojas s\u0101pes kustoties, st\u012bvums loc\u012btav\u0101 un klibo\u0161ana. Simptomu intensit\u0101te var main\u012bties, br\u012b\u017eam radot piln\u012bgas atvese\u013co\u0161an\u0101s saj\u016btu, savuk\u0101rt br\u012b\u017eam – \u013coti izteiktus trauc\u0113jumus. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Osteoartr\u012bts nep\u0101riet, tom\u0113r ir iesp\u0113jams ierobe\u017eot \u0161\u012bs slim\u012bbas att\u012bst\u012bbu un maksim\u0101li uzlabot dz\u012bves kvalit\u0101ti. Lai to \u012bstenotu nepiecie\u0161ams r\u016bp\u0113ties par svaru, fizioterapeita uzraudz\u012bb\u0101 apg\u016bt un regul\u0101ri pild\u012bt vingrojumus g\u016b\u017eas sai\u0161u un musku\u013cu stiprin\u0101\u0161anai, saudz\u0113t ce\u013ca loc\u012btavu no liel\u0101m slodz\u0113m, konsult\u0113joties ar \u0101rstu, ak\u016btos periodos lietot pretiekaisuma un prets\u0101pju medikamentus. Ja viss iepriek\u0161 uzskait\u012btais vairs st\u0101vokli neuzlabo, risin\u0101jums ir loc\u012btavas nomai\u0146a \u2013 endoprotez\u0113\u0161ana.<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/details><\/div>\n\n

Meniska pl\u012bsumi<\/strong><\/span><\/summary>
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Meniska pl\u012bsumi<\/strong> Katr\u0101 cel\u012b ir divi meniski \u2013 skrim\u0161\u013cveida pusm\u0113ness veidojumi. Abi meniski kop\u0101 veido savdab\u012bgu gredzenu starp aug\u0161stilba un apak\u0161stilba kaulu galv\u0101m. Ce\u013ca priek\u0161pus\u0113 un aizmugur\u0113 \u2013 meniski savstarp\u0113ji savienoti ar sait\u0113m, kas nodro\u0161ina tiem nelielu kust\u012bbu amplit\u016bdu. Attiec\u012bb\u0101 pret abu mas\u012bvo k\u0101jas kaulu \u2013 aug\u0161stilba un apak\u0161stilbu galv\u0101m -, kuras veido ce\u013ca loc\u012btavu, menisks sal\u012bdzino\u0161i ir maigs un trausls. Lai ar\u012b meniski anatomiski seko ce\u013ca kust\u012bb\u0101m un piedal\u0101s to nodro\u0161in\u0101\u0161an\u0101, tom\u0113r reiz\u0113m tie uz br\u012bdi pavirz\u0101s \u0101rpus dro\u0161\u0101s trajektorijas un rezult\u0101t\u0101 tiek sp\u0113c\u012bgi saspiesti vai parauti starp ce\u013ca loc\u012btavas kaulu galiem kust\u012bb\u0101, izraisot m\u0113nessveid\u012bgaj\u0101 skrimsl\u012b pl\u012bsumu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Meniska boj\u0101juma rad\u012btas saj\u016btas atpaz\u012bstamas ar s\u0101p\u0113m, smelg\u0161anu perimetr\u0101 ap ce\u013ca loc\u012btavu. P\u0113c nopietn\u0101m meniska traum\u0101m, kad t\u0101 gabali\u0146\u0161 atpl\u012bsis, nereti cel\u012b rodas iekaisumi, kas var izrais\u012bt izteikt\u0101kas s\u0101pes un piet\u016bkumu ce\u013ca loc\u012btav\u0101. Par piet\u016bkumu var liecin\u0101t ne vien vizu\u0101li saskat\u0101ma t\u016bska, bet ar\u012b spiedo\u0161a, ne\u0113rta saj\u016bta cel\u012b. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ja meniska pl\u012bsums ir gluds un atrodas pa\u0161\u0101 meniska \u0137ermen\u012b, tas visticam\u0101k nerad\u012bs iev\u0113rojamu diskomfortu un ar t\u0101du iesp\u0113jams sadz\u012bvot. Tom\u0113r, ja da\u013ca meniska atpl\u012bsusi, br\u012bvi peldot ce\u013ca loc\u012btavas kapsulas \u0161\u0137idrum\u0101. \u0160\u0101da trauma var rad\u012bt tik lielu diskomfortu un pat kust\u012bbas ierobe\u017eojumus, ka vien\u012bgais risin\u0101jums ir \u0137irur\u0123isks.<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/details><\/div>\n\n

Ce\u013ca loc\u012btavas sai\u0161u boj\u0101jumi<\/strong><\/span><\/summary>
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Ce\u013ca loc\u012btavas sai\u0161u boj\u0101jumi<\/strong> Ce\u013ca loc\u012btavu stabiliz\u0113 vair\u0101kas saites. Sai\u0161u boj\u0101jums vai pl\u012bsums parasti izraisa t\u016bl\u012bt\u0113jas asas s\u0101pes, kas pastiprin\u0101s celi kustinot, liecot un staig\u0101jot.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sai\u0161u boj\u0101jumu un pl\u012bsumu veidi:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  • Krustenisk\u0101s saites boj\u0101jums<\/strong> ir izplat\u012bt\u0101kais ce\u013ca loc\u012btavas sai\u0161u boj\u0101jums. Tas rada nestabilit\u0101tes saj\u016btu ce\u013ca loc\u012btav\u0101 un strauji progres\u0113jo\u0161u t\u016bsku. Krustenisko sai\u0161u boj\u0101jumu nereti \u0101rst\u0113 \u0137irur\u0123iski.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Iek\u0161\u0113jo ce\u013ca loc\u012btavas s\u0101nu sai\u0161u boj\u0101jums<\/strong> veidojas no traumas, kas rodas ce\u013ca loc\u012btavai izkustoties uz iek\u0161pusi. To var izrais\u012bt, piem\u0113ram, meh\u0101nisks sitiens pa ce\u013ca loc\u012btavas \u0101r\u0113jo malu. \u0160o boj\u0101jumu parasti \u0101rst\u0113 bez \u0137irur\u0123iskas iejauk\u0161an\u0101s. <\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Aizmugur\u0113j\u0101s ce\u013ca loc\u012btavas krustenisk\u0101s sai\u0161u boj\u0101jums<\/strong> rodas \u013coti reti. To var izrais\u012bt, piem\u0113ram, sp\u0113c\u012bgs trieciens pa ce\u013ca loc\u012btavas priek\u0161\u0113jo pusi, kas v\u0113rsts aizmugur\u0113jo sai\u0161u virzien\u0101. T\u0101pat boj\u0101jumu var izrais\u012bt paklup\u0161ana. L\u012bdz\u012bgi k\u0101 iek\u0161\u0113jo sai\u0161u boj\u0101jumu rezult\u0101t\u0101, ar\u012b pie aizmugur\u0113jo krustenisko sai\u0161u boj\u0101jumiem rodas strauji progres\u0113jo\u0161a t\u016bska un nestabilit\u0101tes saj\u016bta ce\u013ca loc\u012btav\u0101. Aizmugur\u0113j\u0101s ce\u013ca loc\u012btavas krustenisk\u0101s saites boj\u0101jums parasti rodas l\u012bdztekus citiem ce\u013ca loc\u012btavas boj\u0101jumiem, piem\u0113ram, priek\u0161\u0113jo krustenisko sai\u0161u boj\u0101jumam. Ja boj\u0101tas tikai aizmugur\u0113j\u0101s ce\u013ca loc\u012btavas krustenisk\u0101s saites, parasti \u0137irur\u0123iska \u0101rst\u0113\u0161ana nav nepiecie\u0161ama. Tom\u0113r, ja boj\u0101tas vair\u0101kas ce\u013ca loc\u012btavas da\u013cas, \u0101rsts var ieteikt veikt oper\u0101ciju.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • \u0100r\u0113j\u0101s ce\u013ca loc\u012btavas s\u0101nu saites boj\u0101jums <\/strong>parasti rodas nopietnas traumas, piem\u0113ram, autoav\u0101rijas rezult\u0101t\u0101. \u0160o boj\u0101jumu \u0101rst\u0113 \u0137irur\u0123iski.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<\/div><\/details><\/div>\n\n
    Ce\u013ca loc\u012btavas skrim\u0161\u013cu boj\u0101jums<\/strong><\/span><\/summary>
    \n\n

    Ce\u013ca loc\u012btavas skrim\u0161\u013cu boj\u0101jums<\/strong> Hial\u012bna skrimslis ir \u013coti gluds un stings veidojums, kas atrodas starp loc\u012btavas kaulu virsm\u0101m un sarg\u0101 t\u0101s no savstarp\u0113jas berzes un boj\u0101jumiem. Ce\u013ca loc\u012btavas skrim\u0161\u013cu boj\u0101jums rodas k\u0101 sekas traumai, de\u0123enerat\u012bvam loc\u012btavu virsmas nodilumam, k\u0101 ar\u012b reimatolo\u0123isku slim\u012bbu rezult\u0101t\u0101. Skrimsl\u012b nav ne nervu, ne asinsvadu, t\u0101d\u0113\u013c skrimslis nesp\u0113j pats atjaunoties. Boj\u0101jums var palikt neman\u012bts l\u012bdz br\u012bdim, kad skrimslis iev\u0113rojami non\u0113s\u0101jas un nesp\u0113j sarg\u0101t loc\u012btavas kaulus no tie\u0161as savstarp\u0113jas saskares, radot s\u0101pes un iekaisumu. Loc\u012btavu kauli ir j\u016bt\u012bgi un as\u0101s s\u0101pes, ko cilv\u0113ki piedz\u012bvo \u0161\u0101d\u0101s situ\u0101cij\u0101s, rodas no kaulu nervu galu kairin\u0101jumiem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Boj\u0101ta skrim\u0161\u013ca atpl\u012bsu\u0161i gabali, kas br\u012bvi p\u0101rvietojas ce\u013ca loc\u012btavas kapsul\u0101, ar\u012b var rad\u012bt s\u0101pes, t\u016bsku, \u0137er\u0161an\u0101s saj\u016btu un p\u0113k\u0161\u0146as, asas s\u0101pes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u0100rst\u0113jot ce\u013ca loc\u012btavas skrim\u0161\u013ca boj\u0101jumus, atkar\u012bb\u0101 no to nopietn\u012bbas un rad\u012btajiem trauc\u0113jumiem, pielieto gan ne\u0137irur\u0123iskas, gan \u0137irur\u0123iskas \u0101rstniec\u012bbas metodes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Ce\u013ca loc\u012btavas tendin\u012bts<\/strong> (c\u012bpslu iekaisums). Nereti iekaisuma iemesls ir de\u0123enerat\u012bvi procesi pa\u0161\u0101 c\u012bpsl\u0101, kas novecojot zaud\u0113 dabisko elast\u012bbu. T\u0101pat iekaisumu var rad\u012bt trauma vai atk\u0101rtotas traumas. Atsevi\u0161\u0137\u0101m saslim\u0161anu gad\u012bjumos, piem\u0113ram, reimato\u012bd\u0101 artr\u012bta, podagras, psori\u0101tisk\u0101 artr\u012bta vai diab\u0113ta, iekaisums ce\u013ca loc\u012btavas c\u012bpsl\u0101s var rasties bez iepriek\u0161\u0113jas traumas. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    C\u012bpslas iekaisums parasti j\u016btams k\u0101 dedzino\u0161as s\u0101pes ce\u013ca loc\u012btav\u0101. S\u0101pes pastiprin\u0101s kustoties. Simptomus parasti izdodas efekt\u012bvi nov\u0113rst, mazinot slodzi un pielietojot fizioterapiju. Prote\u012bnu injekcija –  ar tromboc\u012btiem bag\u0101tin\u0101tas plazmas ievad\u012b\u0161ana boj\u0101taj\u0101 loc\u012btav\u0101 pasaul\u0113 tiek atz\u012bta par efekt\u012bvu veidu ce\u013ca loc\u012btava c\u012bpslu iekaisuma \u0101rst\u0113\u0161anai. Retos gad\u012bjumos iekaisu\u0161os audus no ce\u013ca iz\u0146em \u0137irur\u0123isk\u0101 ce\u013c\u0101. <\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/details><\/div>\n\n

    Ce\u013ca loc\u012btavas me\u017e\u0123\u012bjums<\/strong><\/span><\/summary>
    \n\n

    Ce\u013ca loc\u012btavas me\u017e\u0123\u012bjums<\/strong> ir reti sastopams, bet nopietns ce\u013ca loc\u012btavas boj\u0101jums, kas var rasties p\u0113c autoav\u0101rijas, kritiena no augstuma vai traum\u0113joties sporta. Me\u017e\u0123\u012bjuma br\u012bd\u012b ce\u013ca loc\u012btavas kaulu gali uz mirkli savstarp\u0113ji sasitas un nost\u0101jas nepareizi. T\u0101 p\u0101rm\u0113r\u012bgi nospriegojas ce\u013ca saites. Atkar\u012bb\u0101 no sp\u0113ka, ar k\u0101du notiek kust\u012bba, da\u013ca sai\u0161u (parasti priek\u0161\u0113j\u0101s  un aizmugur\u0113j\u0101s krustenisk\u0101s) pl\u012bst. Sadz\u012bviski \u0161o traumu d\u0113v\u0113 par me\u017e\u0123\u012bjumu. Medic\u012bn\u0101 – par ce\u013ca loc\u012btavas sai\u0161u boj\u0101jumu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Ce\u013ca loc\u012btavas me\u017e\u0123\u012bjums var boj\u0101t menisku un skrimsli. T\u0101pat var ciests liel\u0101ki nervi un asinsvadi. Ja boj\u0101jums ir iev\u0113rojams, to \u0101rst\u0113 \u0137irur\u0123iski, rekonstru\u0113jot boj\u0101tos audus. <\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/details><\/div>\n\n

    Patellas jeb ce\u013ca loc\u012btavas skrieme\u013ca me\u017e\u0123\u012bjums<\/strong><\/span><\/summary>
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    Patellas jeb ce\u013ca loc\u012btavas skrieme\u013ca me\u017e\u0123\u012bjums<\/strong> ir daudz bie\u017e\u0101k sastopams un maz\u0101k traumatisks, nek\u0101 ce\u013ca loc\u012btavas me\u017e\u0123\u012bjums.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Lokot celi, ce\u013ca loc\u012btavas skriemelis sl\u012bd aug\u0161up un lejup gar aug\u0161stilba kaula galu jeb t\u0101 rievu. Da\u013cai cilv\u0113ku \u0161\u012b skrim\u0161\u013ca kust\u012bba nav stabili fiks\u0113ta, t\u0101d\u0113\u013c loc\u012btavas skriemelis kust\u012bb\u0101 var anatomiski nepareizi izsl\u012bd\u0113t. Tas var nerad\u012bt sekas, bet var izrais\u012bt ce\u013ca loc\u012btavas skrieme\u013ca me\u017e\u0123\u012bjumu, kad skriemelis piln\u012bb\u0101 izsl\u012bd no aug\u0161stilba kaula rievas. Parasti p\u0113c me\u017e\u0123\u012bjuma ce\u013ca loc\u012btavas skriemelis pats atgrie\u017eas viet\u0101, tom\u0113r p\u0113c \u0161\u0101da boj\u0101jama ir b\u016btiski iziet fizioterapijas kursu ar m\u0113r\u0137i stiprin\u0101t ce\u013ca loc\u012btavas saites un musku\u013cus, t\u0101 sarg\u0101jot celi no atk\u0101rtota me\u017e\u0123\u012bjuma. Atsevi\u0161\u0137os gad\u012bjumos nepiecie\u0161ama \u0137irur\u0123iska \u0101rst\u0113\u0161ana.<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/details><\/div>\n\n

    Ce\u013ca loc\u012btavas burs\u012bts<\/strong><\/span><\/summary>
    \n\n

    Ce\u013ca loc\u012btavas burs\u012bts<\/strong> ir iekaisums, kas rodas ce\u013ca loc\u012btavas somi\u0146\u0101 (g\u013cotsomi\u0146\u0101). Iekaisuma paz\u012bmes ir s\u0101pes, t\u016bska, kust\u012bbu ierobe\u017eojumi ce\u013ca loc\u012btav\u0101 un s\u0101pes kustoties. Simptomi pastiprin\u0101s tupjoties vai k\u0101pjot aug\u0161up vai lejup pa k\u0101pn\u0113m. Iekaisums var rasties p\u0113c ce\u013ca sasituma, p\u0101rslodzes skrienot, lecot vai ilgsto\u0161i st\u0101vot. Burs\u012btu var izrais\u012bt ar\u012b nepareiza st\u0101ja. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Nereti p\u0113c traumas ce\u013ca loc\u012btav\u0101 paral\u0113li iekaisuma procesam veidojas ar\u012b pastiprin\u0101ta \u0161\u0137idruma uzkr\u0101\u0161an\u0101s, ko \u0101rsts likvid\u0113, uzs\u016bcot \u0161o \u0161\u0137idrumu \u0161\u013circ\u0113. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Ce\u013ca loc\u012btavas iekaisuma \u0101rst\u0113\u0161anai izmanto nestero\u012bdus pretiekaisuma, prets\u0101pju medikamentus k\u0101 ar\u012b kortikostero\u012bdu un aug\u0161anas faktora injekcijas ce\u013ca loc\u012btav\u0101. Kortikostero\u012bdu injekcijas \u0101tri mazina s\u0101pes un t\u016bsku, t\u0101d\u0113\u013c nereti tiek lietotas gad\u012bjumos, kad nestero\u012bd\u0101s pretiekaisuma z\u0101les nedod rezult\u0101tus, vai gad\u012bjumos, ja cilv\u0113kam pret t\u0101m ir nepanes\u012bba. Savuk\u0101rt aug\u0161anas faktora injekcijas ce\u013ca loc\u012btavu iekaisuma gad\u012bjum\u0101 veicina iekaisuma mazin\u0101\u0161anu un audu atjauno\u0161anos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Konsult\u0113joties ar traumatologu, otrop\u0113du, ieteicams apmekl\u0113t fizioterapiju ar m\u0113r\u0137i stiprin\u0101t ce\u013ca loc\u012btavas saites un musku\u013cus un mazin\u0101t atk\u0101rtota iekaisuma iesp\u0113ju. <\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/details><\/div>","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","meta_box":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/orto.lv\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/specializacijas\/2312"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/orto.lv\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/specializacijas"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/orto.lv\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/specializacijas"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/orto.lv\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2312"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}